What is the outermost layer of the skin called?

The outermost layer of the skin is known as the stratum corneum. This layer serves a crucial protective function, acting as a barrier against environmental factors such as pathogens, chemicals, and physical abrasions. The stratum corneum is composed of dead, flattened keratinocytes that are continually shed and replaced. The presence of keratin, a tough protein, in this layer contributes significantly to its durability and effectiveness as a protective shield.

Understanding the structure and role of the stratum corneum is essential for comprehending how the skin maintains hydration and prevents transepidermal water loss, which are critical for overall skin health. Moreover, any disruption to this layer can lead to skin problems, underlining its importance in dermatological health and disease prevention.