Which of the following statements is true about alternating current?

Alternating current is characterized by its ability to change direction periodically. This means that the flow of electricity reverses itself at a consistent frequency, typically measured in hertz (Hz). Most commonly used in household and industrial applications, alternating current allows for efficient long-distance transmission of electricity, thanks to its changing directional flow which reduces energy loss.

The distinction in its behavior from direct current, which flows steadily in one direction, is crucial. In applications requiring varied voltage levels, alternating current can easily be transformed to suit specific needs, further enhancing its versatility.

This understanding places alternating current as a fundamental aspect of electrical systems, aligning it with varied applications that range from powering homes to industrial machinery. The other options do not accurately encapsulate the main characteristics of alternating current, emphasizing its unique alternating behavior.